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常识“班匠银”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 班匠银
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班匠银 

明代以银代役制度。明代工匠分住坐和轮班两种。住坐匠是从京师附近各州县征集来京,主要为皇族生产,每月服役十天。轮班匠是外地工匠,每年轮流到京师服役三个月。明代名隶官籍的民匠中,班匠约有二十三万,占工匠总数百分之八十。由于手工业工人的斗争,从成化二十一年 (公元1485年)开始,政府允许班匠以银代役。嘉靖四十一年 (公元1562年),规定班匠一律以银代役,每人每年纳银四钱五分,称“班匠银”。但住坐匠的封建劳役剥削始终没有改变,直到清朝康熙以后,才最后废除匠籍制度。
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