常识“理生万物”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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常识“理生万物”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇	理生万物
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释义	理生万物南宋朱熹用语。朱熹认为：“天地之间，有理有气。理也者，形而上之道也，生物之本也。气也者，形而下之器也，生物之具也。”（《朱文公文集》卷五十八）理是第一性，是创造万物的根本；气是第二性，是创造万物的材料。没有理也就不成其为事物，如他说：“如一所屋，只是一个道理，有厅，有堂。如草木，只是一个道理，有桃，有李。如这众人，只是一个道理，有张三，有李四，李四不可为张三，张三不可为李四。”（《朱子语类》卷六）这就是说，屋有厅、堂；草木有桃、李；人有张三、李四，这些事物之间的具体差别和联系，都是由一个根本的道理所决定的，是理的分殊的体现。这个最根本的、整体的“理”即“太极”。认为根据从“太极”到万物的宇宙生成模式，每一事物都是经过“太极”分化成阴阳二气，二气演化成五行，五行聚合万物的过程而产生的，从上向下推，事事物物都从一个本原上来，从下向上推，事事物物又都归源于一。所以，世界上有一个太极，万物中又各有一个太极，太极本身虽然是无动静、无生灭的，但一切具体事物的产生、变化、消灭都是由它那里来的。
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