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常识“育欲”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 育欲
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释义 育欲明何心隐用语。语出《聚和老老文》。意为与百姓同欲。何心隐认为“仁,则人心也”(《原学原讲》),从人心本善出发,继承和发展了孟子的“存心”说和王艮的“百姓日用即道”,充分肯定人的自然欲求的合理性。他说:“性而味,性而色,性而声,性而安佚,性也。乘乎其欲者也。”(《寡欲》)他不同意宋明理学家提出的“存天理,灭人欲”,认为人不能“无欲”,如果“灭欲”,则不能“存心”(《辩无欲》)。正确的做法应当是避免“偏于欲之多”,“戾于欲之多”,即使欲“有所节”、“发以中”,这就是“寡欲”(《寡欲》)。在此基础上,何心隐提出了“育欲”的主张,说:“昔公刘虽欲货,然欲与百姓同欲,以笃前烈,以育欲也。太王虽欲色,亦欲与百姓同欲,以基王绩,以育欲也。”(《聚和老老文》)这种与百姓同欲的主张,是对统治阶级穷奢极欲的批判,也反映了百姓要求改善生活条件和追求物质利益的正当要求。黄宗羲认为此观点“非名教之所羁络”,现代有学者认为是中国明清早期启蒙思潮的重要思想。
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