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常识“柯尔克孜族”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 柯尔克孜族
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释义 柯尔克孜族中国少数民族之一。史称坚昆、鬲昆、黠戛斯、乞利乞思等,清称布鲁特。1935年始定今名。人口143537人(1990年)。居地东起西部天山,西迄布哈尔(今乌兹别克斯坦布哈拉)。分东西两部。东布鲁特牧于天山北麓,部落五,最著者三:萨雅克、萨拉巴哈什、塔拉斯。部分牧地为准噶尔人所侵,准噶尔平,始复旧地。西布鲁特牧于天山南麓,部落十五,最著者四:额德格拉、蒙科尔多尔、齐里克、巴斯子。各部落自有首领,不相统属。大首领称“比”,以下有阿哈拉齐克等大小头目。清乾隆二十三年(1758)至二十四年平定大小和卓叛乱时,先后臣属清朝。朝贡贸易频繁,税减内地商民三分之一。有求内徙者,授散秩大臣、阿奇木伯克等职。主要从事畜牧业,亦事少量农业。信仰伊斯兰教。语言属阿尔泰语系突厥语族柯尔克孜语支。无文字。通行维吾尔语文。建国后实行了社会改革,各项事业均有发展。
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