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常识“马祖常”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 马祖常
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释义 马祖常(1279—1338)元光州(今河南潢川)人。先世为汪古部人。礼部尚书月合乃曾孙,漳州路同知马润之子。师儒士张。延祐时行科举,乡贡、会试、廷试皆名列前茅。历任监察御史、翰林待制、礼部尚书、御史中丞、枢密副使等职。曾劾罢权相铁木迭儿。工文章,能诗。预修《英宗实录》。有《石田文集》。
马祖常(1279—1338)元诗人。字伯庸。世出雍古部,祖辈有锡里吉思者为凤翔府兵马判官,子孙以马为氏。父马润任漳州总管府同知,家于光州。延祐二年(1315)进士第一,授应奉翰林文字,拜监察御史。劾权相铁木迭儿,罢之。后权相复出,欲中伤之,乃辞官。权相死,除翰林待制,迁翰林直学士,拜礼部尚书,再拜御史中丞兼枢密副使。诗文颇受当时文人赞赏,《元史》本传称其“工于文章,宏赡而精核,务去陈言,专以先秦两汉为法,而自成一家之言。尤致力于诗,圆密清丽,大篇短章无不可传者”。有《石田集》行世。生平事迹见《元史》卷一四三。

马祖常  1279—1338

元朝文学家。字伯庸,汪古部人,世代信奉聂思脱里派基督教。高祖锡里吉思,金末为凤翔兵马判官,子孙因以马为姓。家居于浚仪(今河南开封)。父马润官至漳州路同知,移家光州(今河南潢川)。马祖常从小随理学家张䇓学习。延祐初,中乡贡,会试第一,廷试第二。历任监察御史、翰林待制、礼部尚书、御史中丞、枢密副使等职。仁宗时,曾劾奏权相铁木迭儿十罪,因而累遭贬黜。参预修撰《英宗实录》,将《皇图大训》、《承华事略》译为蒙文。编篡《列后金鉴》、《千秋纪略》。顺帝至元初,辞归光州(今河南潢川)著有《石田集》。苏天爵编《元文类》,选马祖常文章21篇,其文法先秦两汉,宏瞻而精核,富丽而新奇。其诗圆密清丽,有反映民间疾苦的《石妇叹》、《石田山居》等。
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