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常识“严羽”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 严羽
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严羽约1189—约1264

南宋文学批评家。字仪卿、丹丘,邵武(今属福建)人。南宋末年,隐居不仕,自号沧浪逋客。与时人严仁、严参齐名,号称“三严”。所著《沧浪诗话》是一部全面系统的诗论集。分诗辨、诗体、诗法、诗评和诗证五部分。其中“诗辨”是该书精华。提出“妙悟”、“崇古”、“兴趣”三说。认为“禅道惟在妙悟,诗道亦在妙悟”,“学诗”应“以汉、魏、盛唐为师”。“诗者,吟咏情性也。盛唐诸人惟在兴趣,羚羊挂角,无迹可求;故其妙处透彻玲珑,不可凑泊,如空中之音,相中之色,水中之月,镜中之像,言有尽而意无穷。”反对宋诗的议论化、散文化,对苏轼、黄庭坚和江湖派诗作均多不满。但主张以禅喻诗,强调“妙悟”、“兴趣”,容易引导诗歌创作脱离现实。明代七子、竟陵派诗论与清初王士祯神韵说均曾受其影响。所留存诗词具有爱国主义思想感情,清新秀丽,通俗易懂。其论著尚有《沧浪集》(二卷)等。

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